How To Clean Power Steering Reservoir: A Step-by-Step Guide

What is a power steering reservoir and can you clean it? A power steering reservoir is a container that holds the power steering fluid which is essential for the smooth operation of your vehicle’s steering system. Yes, you can and should clean it periodically to remove contaminants and ensure optimal performance. This guide offers a step-by-step process for power steering reservoir cleaning.

Over time, your car’s power steering system can build up gunk and grime. This contamination often settles in the power steering reservoir, affecting the fluid’s ability to do its job. This can lead to noisy steering, a stiff steering wheel, and even damage to your power steering pump. Knowing how to clean power steering components, specifically the reservoir, is crucial for maintaining a healthy and responsive steering system. This comprehensive guide covers the process of how to clean power steering reservoir. It details everything from identifying the issue to completing a power steering reservoir flush, as well as the importance of regular power steering reservoir maintenance. By following these steps, you’ll improve your steering system’s performance and extend its lifespan.

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Why Power Steering Reservoir Cleaning is Important

Your power steering system relies on clean fluid to operate efficiently. Power steering fluid contamination can lead to a host of problems. Therefore power steering reservoir cleaning should be done regularly.

• Prevents Damage: Grime and particles in the reservoir can damage the power steering pump and other vital components.
• Improves Performance: Clean fluid ensures smooth and responsive steering.
• Extends Lifespan: Regular maintenance prevents premature wear and tear on your power steering system.
• Reduces Noise: Contaminated fluid can cause the power steering pump to whine or groan.

Signs Your Power Steering Reservoir Needs Cleaning

Be alert for these indicators that your power steering reservoir may need attention:

• Dark or Dirty Fluid: The fluid should be a clear red or amber color. If it’s dark brown or black, it’s time for a change.
• Noisy Steering: A whining or groaning noise when turning the steering wheel.
• Stiff Steering: Difficulty turning the steering wheel, especially at low speeds.
• Foaming Fluid: Air bubbles in the power steering fluid.
• Visible Gunk: Debris or sediment at the bottom of the reservoir.

Tools and Materials Needed for Power Steering Reservoir Cleaning

Before you begin, gather the necessary tools and materials:

• New Power Steering Fluid: Use the type recommended in your vehicle’s owner’s manual.
• Turkey Baster or Fluid Extractor: For removing old fluid from the reservoir.
• Socket Set or Wrenches: To disconnect hoses if necessary.
• Screwdrivers: Flathead and Phillips head may be needed.
• Cleaning Solution: Brake cleaner or degreaser.
• Clean Rags or Shop Towels: For wiping up spills and cleaning components.
• Gloves: To protect your hands.
• Safety Glasses: To protect your eyes.
• Drain Pan: To catch the old fluid.
• Funnel: For pouring in new fluid.
• Small Brush: A parts cleaning brush or toothbrush to scrub the reservoir.
• Jack and Jack Stands (Optional): To access the reservoir more easily.

Step-by-Step Guide: How to Clean Power Steering Reservoir

Follow these steps for a thorough power steering reservoir cleaning:

Step 1: Safety First!

• Park your vehicle on a level surface.
• Engage the parking brake.
• Allow the engine to cool down completely. The exhaust can be very hot.
• Wear gloves and safety glasses.

Step 2: Locate the Power Steering Reservoir

• Refer to your vehicle’s owner’s manual to find the power steering reservoir.
• It’s usually a plastic container with a cap marked with a steering wheel symbol.
• It is often near the engine bay, and may be on either side of the engine.

Step 3: Remove the Old Power Steering Fluid

• Open the power steering reservoir cap.
• Use a turkey baster or fluid extractor to remove as much of the old fluid as possible.
• Dispose of the old fluid properly at a recycling center or auto parts store.

Step 4: Detach the Reservoir (If Necessary)

• Some reservoirs are easy to remove, while others are integrated into the power steering pump.
• If the reservoir is easily detachable, disconnect any hoses or brackets. Have a drain pan ready to catch any spills.
• Take pictures of the hose connections before disconnecting them to help with reassembly.
• If the reservoir is difficult to remove, skip to Step 6 and clean it in place.

Step 5: Clean the Reservoir

• If you removed the reservoir, empty any remaining fluid into the drain pan.
• Spray the inside of the reservoir with brake cleaner or degreaser.
• Use a small brush to scrub the inside, removing any gunk or deposits.
• Rinse the reservoir thoroughly with clean brake cleaner or degreaser.
• Allow the reservoir to air dry completely.

Step 6: Cleaning the Reservoir In Place (If Not Removed)

• If you are cleaning the reservoir in place, use a clean rag to wipe the inside walls and bottom of the reservoir after removing the old fluid.
• Spray brake cleaner onto a clean rag and carefully wipe the inside.
• Use a small brush or cotton swab to reach tight spots.
• Be careful not to get any cleaner into the power steering pump or hoses.
• Allow the area to air dry completely.

Step 7: Inspect the Hoses and Connections

• While the reservoir is detached or accessible, inspect the power steering hoses for cracks, leaks, or damage.
• Replace any damaged hoses.
• Check the hose clamps and tighten them if necessary.

Step 8: Reinstall the Reservoir (If Removed)

• If you removed the reservoir, reattach it to its mounting bracket.
• Reconnect the hoses, making sure they are securely fastened.
• Tighten the hose clamps.

Step 9: Add New Power Steering Fluid

• Using a funnel, slowly pour new power steering fluid into the reservoir.
• Fill it to the “MAX” line.
• Refer to your vehicle’s owner’s manual for the correct type of fluid.

Step 10: Bleed the System

• With the engine off, turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times.
• Check the fluid level and add more if needed.
• Start the engine and let it idle for a few minutes.
• Turn the steering wheel from lock to lock again, checking for any unusual noises or stiffness.
• Inspect the fluid level one last time and top it off if necessary.

Step 11: Test Drive

• Take your vehicle for a short test drive.
• Pay attention to the steering feel and listen for any noises.
• If the steering feels smooth and responsive, and there are no unusual noises, you’re done!

Power Steering Reservoir Maintenance Tips

Here are some tips for maintaining your power steering system and preventing future contamination:

• Regular Fluid Checks: Check the power steering fluid level and condition every month.
• Periodic Fluid Changes: Follow your vehicle’s recommended maintenance schedule for power steering fluid replacement.
• Use the Right Fluid: Always use the power steering fluid recommended in your vehicle’s owner’s manual.
• Address Leaks Promptly: Repair any leaks in the power steering system immediately.
• Avoid Overfilling: Overfilling the reservoir can cause fluid to overflow and damage components.

DIY Power Steering Reservoir Clean: Important Considerations

While cleaning your power steering reservoir is a straightforward task, keep these considerations in mind:

• Safety: Always wear gloves and safety glasses.
• Fluid Type: Use the correct power steering fluid for your vehicle.
• Disposal: Dispose of old fluid properly.
• Cleanliness: Keep everything clean to prevent contamination.
• Professional Help: If you are uncomfortable performing this task, seek professional assistance.

Advanced Techniques: Power Steering Reservoir Flush

For heavily contaminated systems, consider a full power steering reservoir flush. This involves completely removing the old fluid and replacing it with new fluid. This process is more involved than a simple reservoir cleaning, but it can significantly improve the performance of your power steering system.

Flushing Procedure:

1. Disconnect the Return Line: Locate the power steering return line (the hose that returns fluid from the steering gear to the reservoir). Disconnect it and direct it into a large container.
2. Plug the Reservoir Return Port: Plug the return port on the power steering reservoir.
3. Add New Fluid: Fill the reservoir with new power steering fluid.
4. Start the Engine: Start the engine and let it idle. The old fluid will be pumped out of the return line and into the container.
5. Continuously Add Fluid: Continuously add new fluid to the reservoir to prevent the pump from running dry.
6. Flush Until Clean: Continue flushing until clean, new fluid flows out of the return line.
7. Reconnect the Return Line: Reconnect the return line to the reservoir.
8. Bleed the System: Bleed the power steering system as described in Step 10 above.

Important Note: A power steering reservoir flush requires careful attention to avoid damaging the power steering pump. If you’re not comfortable with this procedure, consult a professional mechanic.

Fathoming Power Steering Fluid Contamination

Power steering fluid contamination can occur due to several factors:

• Normal Wear and Tear: Over time, the fluid breaks down and loses its lubricating properties.
• Dirt and Debris: Dirt, dust, and other contaminants can enter the system through leaks or open reservoirs.
• Metal Particles: Wear and tear on the power steering pump and other components can generate metal particles that contaminate the fluid.
• Moisture: Moisture can enter the system and cause corrosion and rust.

Table: Power Steering Fluid Contamination Causes and Solutions

Cause	Symptoms	Solution
Fluid Breakdown	Dark fluid, reduced steering assist	Power steering fluid replacement
Dirt and Debris	Noisy steering, pump damage	Power steering reservoir cleaning, fluid change
Metal Particles	Pump failure, stiff steering	System flush, pump replacement
Moisture	Corrosion, reduced lubrication	Fluid change, leak repair

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: How often should I clean my power steering reservoir?
A: It’s recommended to clean your power steering reservoir every 2 years or 30,000 miles, or whenever you notice signs of contamination.

Q: Can I use any type of power steering fluid?
A: No, always use the power steering fluid recommended in your vehicle’s owner’s manual. Using the wrong fluid can damage your power steering system.

Q: What happens if I don’t clean my power steering reservoir?
A: Neglecting to clean your power steering reservoir can lead to pump damage, stiff steering, noisy steering, and reduced system lifespan.

Q: Is it necessary to remove the reservoir to clean it?
A: Removing the reservoir makes cleaning easier and more thorough, but it’s not always necessary. You can clean it in place if it’s difficult to remove.

Q: Can I use a household cleaner to clean the reservoir?
A: No, avoid using household cleaners, as they may contain chemicals that can damage the power steering system. Use brake cleaner or degreaser specifically designed for automotive use.

Q: How much does it cost to have a professional clean the power steering reservoir?
A: The cost can vary, but typically ranges from $50 to $150, depending on the shop and the extent of the service.

Q: What if I still have problems after cleaning the reservoir?
A: If you’re still experiencing problems after cleaning the reservoir and changing the fluid, there may be underlying issues with the power steering pump, steering gear, or hoses. Consult a professional mechanic for diagnosis and repair.

By following this guide, you can perform power steering reservoir cleaning and keep your car’s steering system in top condition. Regular power steering reservoir maintenance ensures smooth, responsive steering and extends the life of your power steering components. Remember, if you are not comfortable performing these tasks, it is always best to seek professional help.